Potassium permanganate poses serious health risks

Poison information centres at Tygerberg Hospital and Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital have called on the public to be aware of the hidden dangers of potassium permanganate (KMnO₄).

Often known as Condy’s Crystals, potassium permanganate is a dark purple chemical used for disinfecting wounds, treating certain skin conditions, and purifying water. 

“Potassium permanganate is easily available over the counter and often kept in households, particularly in rural communities,” said Carine Marks, Director of the Poisons Information Centre at Tygerberg Hospital. “Unfortunately, it is sometimes used inappropriately to treat internal ailments, which can have serious consequences - especially in children.”

Between 2015 and 2023, the National Poisons Information Helpline received 1 226 potassium permanganate-related calls. Of these:

•     96.8% were due to accidental ingestion.
•     65% involved children under the age of five.
•     49.9% of patients showed visible mouth staining.
•     27.2% reported stomach complaints such as pain, nausea or vomiting.
•     16.4% experienced oral discomfort.
•     3.8% sustained serious corrosive injuries.
•     13.9% had moderate to severe symptoms.

“If swallowed, potassium permanganate can cause severe harm,” Ms Marks warns. “It may burn the mouth, throat, and stomach; cause vomiting or internal bleeding; and in serious cases, lead to breathing problems, organ damage, or even death. It should never be ingested or used to treat internal conditions.”

Public safety guidance:

•     Potassium permanganate is for external use only. It must be diluted properly before use (the solution should appear pale pink).
•     Keep all chemicals locked away and out of reach of children.
•     Never use potassium permanganate to treat stomach pain, constipation, or snake bites.
•     In case of accidental exposure or ingestion, seek urgent medical care from your nearest healthcare facility, or call the National Poisons Information Helpline on 0861 555 777.